Τίτλος:
Ambient air SO2 patterns in 6 European cities
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Introduction: An analysis of the hourly SO2 pollution patterns with time can be a useful tool for policy makers and stakeholders in developing more effective local policies in relation to air quality as it facilitates a deeper understanding of concentrations and potential source apportionment.A detailed analysis of hourly inter-annual, seasonal and weekday-specific SO2 concentration patterns using data obtained from 6 cities involved in the Aphekom project was conducted. This type of analysis has been done for other pollutants but less so for SO2, and not in a systematic fashion for a number of European cities. Methods: Individual diurnal SO2 profiles and working weekday versus weekend specific 24-hr plots were generated using hourly SO2 measurements from a roadside and an urban background monitoring sites for 1993, 2001 and 2009 for each of the 6 European cities (Athens, Barcelona, Brussels, London, Paris, and Vienna). This facilitated the assessment of city specific patterns and comparison of changes with time. Results: SO2 concentrations varied throughout the day and tended to be lower on the weekends. A general decreasing trend for SO2 levels with time was observable at all stations. Discussion & Conclusion: This study provides a useful European perspective on patterns of exposure. For the 6 EU cities examined, road traffic, heating, and shipping in port cities appeared to be important sources of SO2 emissions, and hence the driving components widely reflected in the diurnal profiles with lower levels on the weekend likely due to lower traffic volume and industry related emissions. Although ambient SO2 concentrations have fallen over the assessed study period at all measurement sites, the daily patterns remained relatively unchanged. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Συγγραφείς:
Henschel, S.
Querol, X.
Atkinson, R.
Pandolfi, M.
Zeka, A.
Le Tertre, A.
Analitis, A.
Katsouyanni, K.
Chanel, O.
Pascal, M.
Bouland, C.
Haluza, D.
Medina, S.
Goodman, P.G.
Περιοδικό:
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Concentration patterns; Diurnal profile; Diurnal variation; Hourly SO2; Measurement sites; Pollution patterns; Potential sources; Weekday vs. weekend, Air pollution; Air quality; Pollution, Sulfur dioxide, ambient air; data set; European Union; heating; measurement method; policy making; pollution control; pollution effect; pollution monitoring; stakeholder; sulfur dioxide; urban area, air analysis; air monitoring; air pollution; ambient air; article; circadian rhythm; concentration (parameters); environmental exposure; Europe; human; humidity; measurement; population size; priority journal; temperature, Europe
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.06.008
