Περίληψη:
Flavonols, flavanones and flavones (FLAV) are sub-classes of flavonoids
that exert cardioprotective and anti-carcinogenic properties in vitro
and in vivo. We aimed to estimate the FLAV dietary intake, their food
sources and associated lifestyle factors in ten European countries
participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and
Nutrition (EPIC) study. FLAV intake and their food sources for 36 037
subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven study centres
were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software
(EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on FLAV was compiled
using data from US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer
databases and was expanded using recipes, estimations and flavonoid
retention factors in order to increase its correspondence with the 24 h
dietary recall. Our results showed that the highest FLAV-consuming
centre was the UK health-conscious group, with 130.9 and 97.0 mg/d for
men and women, respectively. The lowest FLAV intakes were 36.8 mg/d in
men from Umea and 37.2 mg/d in women from Malmo (Sweden). The flavanone
sub-class was the main contributor to the total FLAV intake ranging from
46.6 to 52.9% depending on the region. Flavonols ranged from 38.5 to
47.3% and flavones from 5.8 to 8.6%. FLAV intake was higher in women,
non-smokers, increased with level of education and physical activity.
The major food sources were citrus fruits and citrus-based juices
(especially for flavanones), tea, wine, other fruits and some
vegetables. We concluded that the present study shows heterogeneity in
intake of these three sub-classes of flavonoids across European regions
and highlights differences by sex and other sociodemographic and
lifestyle factors.
Συγγραφείς:
Zamora-Ros, Raul
Knaze, Viktoria
Lujan-Barroso, Leila and
Slimani, Nadia
Romieu, Isabelle
Fedirko, Veronika
de
Magistris, Maria Santucci
Ericson, Ulrica
Amiano, Pilar and
Trichopoulou, Antonia
Dilis, Vardis
Naska, Androniki and
Engeset, Dagrun
Skeie, Guri
Cassidy, Aedin
Overvad, Kim and
Peeters, Petra H. M.
Maria Huerta, Jose
Sanchez, Maria-Jose and
Ramon Quiros, J.
Sacerdote, Carlotta
Grioni, Sara
Tumino,
Rosario
Johansson, Gerd
Johansson, Ingegerd
Drake, Isabel
and Crowe, Francesca L.
Barricarte, Aurelio
Kaaks, Rudolf and
Teucher, Birgit
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
van Rossum, Caroline
T. M.
Norat, Teresa
Romaguera, Dora
Vergnaud, Anne-Claire
and Tjonneland, Anne
Halkjaer, Jytte
Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
Touillaud, Marina
Salvini,
Simonetta
Khaw, Kay-Thee
Wareham, Nicholas
Boeing, Heiner
and Foerster, Jana
Riboli, Elio
Gonzalez, Carlos A.
