Περίληψη:
Background: Many epidemiological studies have examined fruit and
vegetable consumption in relation to the risk of urothelial cell
carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder, but results are inconsistent. The
association between fruit and vegetable consumption and UCC risk may
vary by bladder tumour aggressiveness. Therefore, we examined the
relation between fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of
aggressive and non-aggressive UCC in the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
Methods: After 8.9 years of follow-up, 947 UCC were diagnosed among
468,656 EPIC participants. Of these, 421 could be classified as
aggressive UCC and 433 as non-aggressive UCC cases. At recruitment,
fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed by validated dietary
questionnaires. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox
regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for smoking
status, duration and intensity of smoking, and energy intake.
Results: Total consumption of fruits and vegetables was not associated
with aggressive UCC nor with non-aggressive UCC. A 25 g/day increase in
leafy vegetables and grapes consumption was associated with a reduced
risk of non-aggressive UCC (hazard ratio (HR) 0.88; 95% confidence
interval (CI) 0.78-1.00 and HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98, respectively),
while the intake of root vegetables was inversely associated with risk
of aggressive UCC (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98).
Conclusion: Our study did not confirm a protective effect of total fruit
and/or vegetable consumption on aggressive or non-aggressive UCC. High
consumption of certain types of vegetables and of fruits may reduce the
risk of aggressive or non-aggressive UCC; however chance findings cannot
be excluded. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Συγγραφείς:
Ros, Martine M.
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
Kampman, Ellen and
Buchner, Frederike L.
Aben, Katja K. H.
Egevad, Lars and
Overvad, Kim
Tjonneland, Anne
Roswall, Nina
Clavel-Chapelon,
Francoise
Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
Morois, Sophie and
Kaaks, Rudolf
Teucher, Birgit
Weikert, Steffen
von Ruesten,
Anne
Trichopoulou, Antonia
Naska, Androniki
Benetou,
Vassiliki
Saieva, Calogero
Pala, Valeria
Ricceri, Fulvio and
Tumino, Rosario
Mattiello, Amalia
Peeters, Petra H. M.
van
Gils, Carla H.
Gram, Inger T.
Engeset, Dagrun
Chirlaque,
Maria-Dolores
Ardanazx, Eva
Rodriguez, Laudina
Amanio, Pilar
and Gonzalez, Carlos A.
Jose Sanchez, Maria
Ulmert, David and
Ernstrom, Roy
Ljungberg, Borje
Allen, Naomi E.
Key, Timothy
J.
Khaw, Kee-Tee
Wareham, Nick
Slimani, Nadia
Romieu,
Isabelle
Kiemeney, Lambertus A.
Riboli, Elio
