Περίληψη:
The etiology of male breast cancer is poorly understood, partly because
of its relative rarity. Although genetic factors are involved, less is
known regarding the role of anthropometric and hormonally related risk
factors.
In the Male Breast Cancer Pooling Project, a consortium of 11
casecontrol and 10 cohort investigations involving 2405 case patients (n
1190 from casecontrol and n 1215 from cohort studies) and 52013 control
subjects, individual participant data were harmonized and pooled.
Unconditional logistic regression generated study designspecific
(casecontrol/cohort) odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals
(CIs), with exposure estimates combined using fixed effects
meta-analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Risk was statistically significantly associated with weight
(highest/lowest tertile: OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.57), height (OR
1.18; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.38), and body mass index (BMI; OR 1.30; 95% CI
1.12 to 1.51), with evidence that recent rather than distant BMI was the
strongest predictor. Klinefelter syndrome (OR 24.7; 95% CI 8.94 to
68.4) and gynecomastia (OR 9.78; 95% CI 7.52 to 12.7) were also
statistically significantly associated with risk, relations that were
independent of BMI. Diabetes also emerged as an independent risk factor
(OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37). There were also suggestive relations
with cryptorchidism (OR 2.18; 95% CI 0.96 to 4.94) and orchitis (OR
1.43; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.99). Although age at onset of puberty and
histories of infertility were unrelated to risk, never having had
children was statistically significantly related (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01
to 1.66). Among individuals diagnosed at older ages, a history of
fractures was statistically significantly related (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.07
to 1.86).
Consistent findings across casecontrol and cohort investigations,
complemented by pooled analyses, indicated important roles for
anthropometric and hormonal risk factors in the etiology of male breast
cancer. Further investigation should focus on potential roles of
endogenous hormones.
Συγγραφείς:
Brinton, Louise A.
Cook, Michael B.
McCormack, Valerie and
Johnson, Kenneth C.
Olsson, Hakan
Casagrande, John T.
Cooke,
Rosie
Falk, Roni T.
Gapstur, Susan M.
Gaudet, Mia M. and
Gaziano, J. Michael
Gkiokas, Georgios
Guenel, Pascal and
Henderson, Brian E.
Hollenbeck, Albert
Hsing, Ann W. and
Kolonel, Laurence N.
Isaacs, Claudine
Lubin, Jay H.
Michels,
Karin B.
Negri, Eva
Parisi, Dominick
Petridou, Eleni Th. and
Pike, Malcolm C.
Riboli, Elio
Sesso, Howard D.
Snyder, Kirk
and Swerdlow, Anthony J.
Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
Ursin, Giske
and van den Brandt, Piet A.
Van Den Eeden, Stephen K. and
Weiderpass, Elisabete
Willett, Walter C.
Ewertz, Marianne and
Thomas, David B.
European Rare Canc Study Grp
