Περίληψη:
The new and increasingly studied concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) revealed a previously unknown perspective of the various regulated cell death (RCD) modalities, elucidating their immunogenic properties and rendering obsolete the notion that immune stimulation is solely the outcome of necrosis. A distinct characteristic of ICD is the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by dying and/or dead cells. Thus, several members of the DAMP family, such as the well-characterized heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP70 and HSP90, the high-mobility group box 1 protein and calreticulin, and the thymic polypeptide prothymosin α (proTα) and its immunoreactive fragment proTα(100–109), are being studied as potential diagnostic tools and/or possible therapeutic agents. Here, we present the basic aspects and mechanisms of both ICD and other immunogenic RCD forms; denote the role of DAMPs in ICD; and further exploit the relevance of human proTα and proTα(100–109) in ICD, highlighting their possible clinical applications. Furthermore, we present the preliminary results of our in vitro studies, which show a direct correlation between the concentration of proTα/proTα(100–109) and the levels of cancer cell apoptosis, induced by anticancer agents and γ-radiation. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Συγγραφείς:
Birmpilis, A.I.
Paschalis, A.
Mourkakis, A.
Christodoulou, P.
Kostopoulos, I.V.
Antimissari, E.
Terzoudi, G.
Georgakilas, A.G.
Armpilia, C.
Papageorgis, P.
Kastritis, E.
Terpos, E.
Dimopoulos, M.A.
Kalbacher, H.
Livaniou, E.
Christodoulou, M.-I.
Tsitsilonis, O.E.
